Прекаризация трудовых отношений как фактор социального загрязнения

Abstract

The paper examines the issue of assessing the extent of precarious labour relations considered by the authors as one of the systemic factors of social pollution. The emergence of the social pollution of the labour sphere is primarily caused by the aspiration of employers to reduce labour costs. It leads to an increasing spread of the use of toxic practices of the personnel management. This article presents the interim results of the monitoring study, implemented by the authors on the basis of the method which includes the sociological survey of the employees of Russian enterprises of different economic sectors. In 2014, the authors held a pilot study in order to test the methodological tools of the evaluation of social pollution level in labour sphere including the assessment of the degree of precarious labour relations as well as verification of the hypothesis of this research. Following the results of the pilot study, the sociological survey tools were improved. The survey took place in 2015 among workers of the Sverdlovsk region. The obtained results allow us to identify the toxic elements of labour sphere. These elements are associated with the precarious labour relations and have a negative impact on the physical and psychosocial health of employees. Also, we can make conclusions about the existing trends that reflect the qualitative characteristics of current changes in the relationship between employers and employees. The limitations of the presented results are conditioned by the fact that the monitoring assumes conducting annual surveys for a long period. However, the interim findings are of interest and can be used to find solutions of the problems caused by the increasing precarious labour relations both at the level of enterprise and at the level of regional power. © A. E. Fyodorova, V. S. Katashinskikh, Z. Dvorakova, 2016.

Рассмотрены вопросы оценки степени прекаризации трудовых отношений. Представлены промежуточные результаты долгосрочного мониторингового исследования, реализуемого на основе методики, включающей проведение социологического опроса наемных работников российских предприятий разных секторов экономики. Проанализированы токсические элементы социально-трудовой сферы предприятий Свердловской области, связанные с прекаризацией трудовых отношений и оказывающие негативное воздействие на физическое и социально-психологическое здоровье работников.