Effects of Sliding Velocity and Thermal Conduction of the Tool on X20Cr4 Steel Friction Coefficient and Structure in Nanostructuring Burnishing

Abstract

The developmental study has succeeded in finding how the sliding velocity of an indenter affects the friction coefficient and changes the structure and phase state in the surface layer of a X20Cr13 stainless steel when nanostructuring burnishing is done with a tool with no heat removal and, alternatively, when the tool is equipped with a cooling system. It has been shown that structural dispersion of the treated material results in obtaining 20⋯80 nm nanocrystallites if the friction coefficient of the spherical synthetic diamond indenter is within 0.15⋯0.18 nm. Application of a compact cooling system, based on Peltier's thermoelectric module, made it possible to stabilize the friction coefficient at 0.17 and to increase the sliding velocity from 13 m/min, this being the case of no heat removal, to 45 m/min in the case when the cooling system having a cooling performance of 120 W was used. TEM and SEM analyses of the surface layer structure confirmed that there is a correlation between the friction coefficient and the size of nanocrystallites and the thickness of the dispersed layer. EBSD analysis of the structure showed that a maximum permissible sliding velocity can be established as referenced to the nucleation and growth of γ-phase grains in the nanostructured layer caused by heating of the material under deformation and reaching the temperature beyond the point α→γ phase transition as well as by behavior of dynamic recrystallization. It was established that the heat removal ensures suppression of dynamic recrystallization when the sliding velocity is increased up to 50 m/min. © 2018 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.