ТЕПЛОФИЗИКА – НАУЧНАЯ БАЗА ЭНЕРГО- И РЕСУРСОСБЕРЕГАЮЩИХ МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ

Abstract

The article presents the achievements of the Ural scientific school of scientists and metallurgists-heating engineers in improving a wide spectrum of metallurgical technologies determined on a scientific basis of the creative union of two sciences – physics and computer science. In recent years, mathematical modeling in combination with physical significantly reduce the time and scope of the search for optimal solutions and thereby provide more reliable design and commissioning of thermal regimes of established technologies and equipment. Modernization of sintering machines was carried out by introduction of automatic control systems of thermal and gas-dynamic processes and by equipping them by the ignition furnaces of new type. These activities with the intensification of heat-mass transfer processes have improved the feasibility and environmental performance of the sinter plants in Russia and abroad. Technological and thermo-physical solutions during the pellets firing are associated with organization of the transfer system of gas flows and reconstruction of gas duct system. As a result of reconstruction, the productivity of machines increased by 10 – 17 %, the specific fuel consumption decreased by 8 – 15 % and the discharge of gases after their treatment decreased by 50 – 58 %. Such reconstruction was made for firing machines in Russia, Brazil, Iran. In recent years, the software has been developed for the solution of complex problems in blast furnace production. It was introduced into commercial operation at the largest metallurgical enterprise in Russia – JSC “MMK”. New Cowper blast heaters for blast furnaces are able to provide heating up to 1300 °C or more by the heating of blast furnace gas and air used for heating of Cowper blast heaters at failure from supplements of natural gas. The problem of processing of metallurgical liquid slag is solved by the creation at factories of ferrous metallurgy of Russia, Ukraine, India and China of units, which are capable to provide high productivity rate of slag discharge from 3 to 15 t/ min and by annual volumes of granular slag production – from 0.66 to 2.0 million tons. The installation of the company “Norilsk Nickel” also works successfully. The improvement of thermal modes and equipment of heating furnaces and installations for various purposes is based on mathematical modeling of thermophysical processes, the basis of which is the created dynamic zonal-node method of modeling radiative and complex heat transfer. This method is successfully developing. In recent years, new designs of furnaces are developed, hundreds of furnaces were upgraded. The organization of thermal modes of their operation has led to a significant reduction in specific fuel consumption, improving the quality of metal heating and during heat treatment – the quality of the finished product. © 2017, National University of Science and Technology MISIS. All rights reserved.