Стратегии роста грибов в условиях дефицита азота

Abstract

Xylotrophic fungi are in the focus of scientists because of their capacity to grow under conditions of marked nitrogen deficiency. Basidiomycetes growing on wood developed some strategies that allow them find and consume nitrogen not easy accessible for many other organisms. In our experiments it was demonstrated that xylotrophic fungi, in contrast to basidiomycetes preferred rich organic substrates, are capable of not only prolonged searching growth (f-growth or forage growth) but also developed specific strategy to life in the wood (x-growth or xylotrophic growth). F-growth is characterized by a predominant use of resources accumulated by fungal mycelium before — that is such kind of growth is limited. X-growth is quite similar to f-growth but it is required additional nitrogen consumption and let the fungus occupy wooden substrates without limitation. Both types of growth are required recycling, but xylotrophic basidiomycetes belonging to different ecological groups use not compatible strategies to get nitrogen. While oyster mushroom could search for the rich nitrogen sources (living micro- and macroorganisms and so on) aphyllophoroids are able to extract of the trace nitrogen and include it in the recycling.