Design Optimization of a Synchronous Homopolar Motor with Ferrite Magnets for Subway Train

Abstract

Brushless synchronous homopolar machines (SHM) have long been used as highly reliable motors and generators with an excitation winding on the stator. However, a significant disadvantage that limits their use in traction applications is the reduced specific torque due to the incomplete use of the rotor surface. One possible way to improve the torque density of SHMs is to add inexpensive ferrite magnets in the rotor slots. This paper presents the results of optimizing the performances of an SHM with ferrite magnets for a subway train, considering the timing diagram of train movement. A comparison of its characteristics with an SHM without permanent magnets is also presented. When using the SHM with ferrite magnets, a significant reduction in the dimensions and weight of the motor, as well as power loss, is shown. © 2023 by the authors.