Profile approach for recognition of three-dimensional magnetic structures

Abstract

We propose an approach for low-dimensional visualization and classification of complex topological magnetic structures formed in magnetic materials. Within the approach one converts a three-dimensional magnetic configuration to a vector containing the only components of the spins that are parallel to the z axis. The next crucial step is to sort the vector elements in ascending or descending order. Having visualized profiles of the sorted spin vectors one can distinguish configurations belonging to different phases even if such configurations have the same total magnetization. For instance, spin spiral and paramagnetic states with zero total magnetic moment can be easily distinguished. Being combined with a simplest neural network our profile approach provides a very accurate phase classification for three-dimensional magnets characterized by complex multispiral states even in the critical areas close to phases' transitions. By the example of the skyrmionic configurations we show that the profile approach can be used to separate the states belonging to the same phase. © 2019 American Physical Society.