Взаимодействие металлического ниобия с ниобийсодержащими хлоридными расплавами

Abstract

In the current study we found that upon contacting metallic niobium with a melt contain-ing higher oxidation state niobium ions the average oxidation state of niobium in the salt phase, mass of the metal and potential difference between niobium and an indicator electrodes decrease. After certain period of time these parameters tend to achieve certain constant values. This moment corresponds to the stationary state of the system. Analysis of the experimental data showed that the mixture of niobium (III) and (IV) ions is the final product of interaction of niobium-containing chloride melts with niobium metal and, therefore, a mixture of niobium ions in two oxidation states is present in equilibrium with the metal. The average oxidation state of niobium in the obtained melts (after contacting with Nb metal) increases with increas-ing niobium concentration. This observation correlates with the results of cathodic current efficiency measurements during niobium electrorefining. Thermodynamic calculations were performed using niobium red-ox and equilibrium electrode potentials in NaCl-KCl based melts at 700 0C. The results confirmed that equilibrium oxidation state of niobium in the fused chloride can increase with increasing total concentration of niobium in the melt.