К проблемам трансформации природных и антропогенно нарушенных экосистем Самарской области в результате внедрения древесных интродуцентов

Abstract

Territories with a high degree of anthropogenic transformation, including agro-, techno- and urban environment become polygons of plant invasions. Some kinds of human activities also facilitate the introduction of alien species. They are: the inclusion of introduced species in greenings of protective, decorative and other purposes; the temporary cessation of plowing fields (the formation of deposits); the abandonment in the urban and suburban environment of ruderalized plots that are not receiving proper care, etc. As for the Samara region, when creating shelterbelts and roadside forest belts, Acer negundo, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Fraxinus pennsylnanica, Ulmus pumila were widely used. These treess show the fearutes of biological contamination agents differently possessing the properties of transformers. Their dominance in spontaneously occurring plantations leads to the formation of forest communities variants new for the region, including changes in the state of the soil cover and the formation of new food chains.