История изучения и современное состояние флоры г. Грозный

Abstract

This report provides a brief outline of the history of the study of the vegetation cover of Grozny. The main stages of large-scale expeditions and the contribution of various researchers to the knowledge of the nature of the object under study are considered. The modern flora of the city of Grozny is represented by 737 species belonging to 392 genera, 92 families and 3 divisions. Based on the results of structural and fractional analyzes, the predominance of the indigenous fraction was revealed, which is related to the preservation of natural and semi-eligible vegetation areas on the investigated territory. Urbanoflora has a mesophytic character; retains zoned features and similarity with the regional; It is characterized as palaearctic-euro-aucasianancient-mediterranean, hemikryptophitic-terophytic, ruderal-meadow-steppe. The synanthropic fraction of the flora of the city is selected and analyzed, which includes 261 species of plants (214 native and 47 adventive). The assessment of the degree of anthropogenic transformation of the flora, using a number of indices, has shown that the main direction of transformation is apophytization (IS = 35,4, IAp = 29,03, IAn = 6,4). The rarity fraction of urban flora is currently represented by 16 species of higher vascular plants. Two microreservations of rare species were created to create reserved objects. Anthropotolerance of flora species and its economic significance are analyzed, recommendations on the use of species of natural flora in gardening of the investigated territory are developed. The results of the research can be used in the development of environmental measures and phyto-optimization of the vegetation cover of the urban environment.