Видовая специфика растительности солонцов лесостепного Зауралья

Abstract

The total area of saline soils in Trans-Urals forest-steppe is 3,59 million ha. High humus, subsoil water level close to the soil surface is original characteristics for forest-steppe Trans-Urals solonetzes. Solonetzes are also characterized as a complex occurrence with other soils, and the location of a large natural massive. A basic forest-tree of Trans-Urals is a birch. In the conditions of in salt soils most salt-endurance birches (Веtula pubescens Ehrh., В. procurva Litw.) and their hybrid form (Betula pubescens Ehrh. × В. procurva Litw.) differ in. Species composition of solonetz herbaceous vegetation differs a bit from them in black earth. Calculated floristic similarity coefficient is 80 % both for solonetzs and black earth. That is why character species with narrow ecological amplitude permit to use them as saline soils indicators. Such species is characterized for solonetzs best of all as: Plantago maxima Juss. ex Jacq., Plantago cornuti Gouan, Plantago salsa Pall., Silaum silaus (L.) Schintz et Thell., Artemisia monogyna Waldst. et Kit., Limoniumgmelinii (Willd.) Kuntze.