Особенности расселения трудовых мигрантов из зарубежных стран в российских мегаполисах

Abstract

The article focuses on the resettlement of labour migrants from foreign countries on a host territory. The research is based on empirical data allowing the estimation of the migration attractiveness of micro districts in Yekaterinburg that is among Russia's biggest metropolises. Resulting from the fact that in Russian metropolises migrants form compact settlement, I question further development of such places. The study's main goal is to identify the features of migrants' resettlement, to assess enclavisation perspectives of Russian cities and to develop solutions for its limitation. I propose two hypotheses. Firstly, in view of spatial heterogeneity of Russian metropolises and networked pattern of migration from foreign countries, processes of enclavisation are possible. Secondly, in Russian conditions, the processes of enclavisation and formation of migrants' compact settlement are negative and, thus, demand limitation measures. Based on scientific literature and expert survey I determined criteria of the migration attractiveness of Russian micro districts. Using Geographic Information System (GIS) I defined micro districts and assessed them in accordance with the chosen criteria. The obtained results were specified using the information on presence of migrants' children in the city's educational institutions. After studying the consequences of migrants' resettlement, I give qualitative characterization of the researched processes. The rating of the migration attractiveness of Ekaterinburg's micro districts can be used for identifying the platforms focused on social research of migration processes. This study is relevant for researchers, involved into the issues of international migration. Moreover, it may be useful for forming the instruments of migration policy and urban environment's development. © 2019 Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Рассмотрена миграционная привлекательность микрорайонов Екатеринбурга. Выявлены особенности расселения мигрантов. Дана оценка перспектив анклавизации в российских городах.