Влияние радиоактивно загрязненных лесных ресурсов на безопасность населения Беларуси

Abstract

Studies of the effects of ionizing radiation on human health show that even small doses of radiation increase the risk of birth defects and genetic diseases in the population and, as a rule, leads to the development of acute radiation sickness. The absorbed dose from external irradiation and radionuclides absorbed during respiration, incorporated with food, depends on the intensity, time of exposure to ionizing radiation, type and energy of radiation, half-life, physical and chemical properties of radio nuclides, the distribution of human organs and tissues and the rate of excretion from the body. The strategy for the rehabilitation of radionuclide-contaminated areas is to reduce radiation doses to levels that achieve an acceptable level of radiation risk. Hence, the main tasks of radiation safety of the population are the implementation of a set of protective measures aimed at eliminating any unjustified exposure and reducing individual and collective radiation doses.