Грибы рода Trichoderma Средней Сибири: видовой состав и использование в биотехнологии

Abstract

The purpose of research was to discover of new directions of application of fungi of genus Trichoderma in the fields of agricultural and ecological biotechnologies. The work was oriented on the search of perspective strains and development of biopreparations that have not only antibacterial, antifungal activity, but also plant growth promotion effect, assessment of opportunity of application of the fungi in bioconversion of organic waste and use their biomass as sorbent of heavy metals and their mycelia after enrichment by selenium as feed additives in the poultry. For the realization of these tasks the collection of strains of different species of genus Trichoderma isolated from soils, grounds, plants, plant residues, fruit bodies of mushrooms was created and criteria and approaches of selection of strains were developed. The results of work were found strains, producing of biologically-active compounds that are effective in the control of phytopathogenic fungi, opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria, tumor cells, stimulate of plant growth and have stable culturalmorphological characteristics. The strains of Trichoderma koningii, T. asperellum, T. harzianum were selected for biopreparation of “Trichodermin-M” and other preparations that suppressed of root rot caused by species of genera Alternaria, Bipolaris и Fusarium and stimulate of plants and callus of cereals and evergreens simultaneously. The strains produce of indolilacedic acid, their growth, enzyme activities, sporulation on lignocelluloses substrates were investigated, technological documentation and successful field examinations of the biopreparation were done.