О начальной дате римской республики

Abstract

The author argues that the fact that the beginning date of the Roman Republic, 509 BC, coincides with the establishment of the democracy in Athens became a part of the Roman historical tradition under the influence of the Greek historian Timeus of Turomenion in the late fourth century BC. The real length of the consular list (Fasti), without tribuni consulares who were not eponym magistrates and the five years of «anarchy», does not allow it to begin before 449 BC. Chronological calculations of Timaeus and later of Fabius Pictor and Cincius Alimentus were based on the mythological idea of cyclic time, according to which for the full cycle was accepted the so-called Great year (annus annorum) in 364/360 years from the foundation of Rome (in 813, 747 or 728 BC) to a great change in her initial organization (in 449, 387 or 367 BC).